Social Inclusion And Intellectual And Developmental...

Social inclusion is a social society in which differences are respected, values are shared and basic needs are meant through fair social interactions. Most importantly, in a socially inclusive society all members are acceptable and enabled full participation within the society (Victorian Government Health Information, Australia., n.d). In regards, to social inclusion among people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs) the social dynamics of these circumstances can be more complex then traditionally anticipated. In the United States of American six and a half million people, on average, have intellectual and or developmental disabilities. This translates into two and a half percent of the population (Morstad 2010). Globally, about two hundred million people have intellectual and or developmental disabilities. Worldwide, this makes up for three percent of the global population (Status and Prospects of Persons with Intellectual Disabilities). As organizations and case studies for intellectual and developmental disabilities become more prevalent so does the knowledge of capabilities of these individuals. Some examples of these organizations include Special Olympics, Best Buddies, Easter Seals, 321 Foundation, and the National Disability Rights Network. These organizations work to promote equal rights for persons with intellectual and developmental disabilities through athletic opportunities, education, work force, health services and in communities across theShow MoreRelatedThe American Association Of Intellectual And Developmental Disabilities Essay1386 Words   |  6 Pagessimple adult daily living activities, such as hygiene and self-care. People with disabilities may be restricted from participating in events in society because of their functional disabilities. Environmental and personal factors also play a role in affecting people’s lives (CDC, 2014). According to the U.S. Department of Justice (2009): An individual with a disability is defined by the American with Disabilities Act (ADA) as a person who has a physical or mental impairment that substantiallyRead MoreSummary Of The Tenets Of Waldorf Curriculum983 Words   |  4 PagesEducation approach, mainstream public schools take the realism approach whereby a child is a biological-social being (non-spiritual) with few or no inherent talents and capabilities and it is the role of the environment and teachers to impart knowledge through mastery. This paper will provide a critical analysis of the tenets of the Waldorf curriculum. Analysis of the Tenets of Waldorf curriculum Developmental stages form the basis of Waldorf education pedagogy. The education process is a gradual stepwiseRead MoreIntellectual Disabilities And Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder1493 Words   |  6 PagesGood evening Dr. Joseph and fellow colleagues, I am Samantha and this is Kezia and we will like to share with you for a few minutes our findings in relation to intellectual disabilities and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Our presentation this evening will be in the form of audio-visual. These topics are very broad topics, but due to limitations of time we would only be able to cover a few points in that space of time. We will try to make it as interesting and informative as possible, butRead MoreUnderstanding Services for Developmental Disabilities1013 Words   |  5 PagesAs a parent, learning that your child has developmental disabilities can be a life altering moment in time and can cause a devastating chain reaction of events. These events have the poten tial to change family priorities and structure, hurt relationships, deplete financial savings and stability, and emotionally drain everyone intimately involved with you and your child. How do you find human services programs, agencies, or advocates, whose primary job is to help you provide everything your childRead MoreThe Field Of Special Education1387 Words   |  6 Pageschallenging. The undertaking is prodigious, but when a child with disabilities flourishes under the direction of a special education teacher’s leadership, the outcome is life altering for both. The main goal for a student with special needs is for the student to acquire skills that are vital to achieve placement in a regular education classroom and be able to take part in the class on a daily basis. In order for a strategy of inclusion to be successful, effective collaboration between the parents andRead MoreThe Importance Of Inclusion, Equality And The Communication Access Rights Of A Person With Disab ilities890 Words   |  4 Pagesjustification will outline the importance of inclusion, equality and the communication access rights of a person with intellectual disability (ID) in a gym. This is because a gym provide many benefits such as reduced chances of obesity and related conditions and better overall health status (Warburton, 2006). RIGHTS Using the Disability Discrimination Act 1992 by the Australian Government (1992) and the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities by the UN General Assembly (2007), the rightsRead MoreIntroduction. In Their 1995 Book Tinkering Toward Utopia:1740 Words   |  7 Pagesrates led to the formation of the IQ test. The categorization of students by their level of intelligence followed suit. By the early twentieth century, special schools were developed for retarded children to provide them with opportunities for intellectual growth equal to those of their peers. As the twentieth century wore on and racial segregation waned, culminating in Brown v. Board of Education, education came to be viewed as a right for all children. The 1970’s brought radical reform to specialRead MoreIntellectual And Developmental Disabilities And Emotional Or Behavioral Disorders1256 Words   |  6 Pages Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities and Emotional or Behavioral Disorders Natasha Hoaglen California State University, Chico â€Æ' Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities and Emotional or Behavioral Disorders Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Description Characteristics Intellectual and developmental disabilities [ID and DD] are defined as those having â€Å"significant limitations both in intellectual functioning and in adaptive behavior as expressed in conceptual, social, andRead More The Importance of Inclusive Education in Australia Essay808 Words   |  4 Pagesfamous quote by an unknown author about celebrating individual differences. Difference is defined by Ashman and Elkins; as varying levels of social, emotional, physical and intellectual qualities that make us all different from other people (Ashman Elkins, 2009). In today’s world this is viewed as society’s version of normality (Ashman Elkins, 2009). Inclusion involves the incorporation of all types of differences into a mainstream classroom (Ashman Elkins, 2009). It is unfortunate that evenRead MoreMy Philosophy Of Children s Learning1164 Words   |  5 PagesMy philosophy of children’s learning relies heavily within the aspects of the cognitive developmental philosophy, Piaget’s framework, which is grounded within all realms of development in early childhood. The cognitive based philosophy highlights a program that encourages students to build knowledge in an atmosphere molded around active exploration. This approach captures learning with enriching materials, filled with opportunities to engage with other classmates through socialization, play, and

Solow Growth Model Free Essays

Solow model – how well it holds in the real world? Prepared by:- Amol Rattan (75013) Introduction Prior to Solow Model, Harrod Domar model had shown how the savings rate could play a crucial role in determining the Long run rate of Growth. Solow model however proved a result that was contrary to what Harrod Domar model had predicted. It showed that savings has only level effect on income and the growth rate of income depends upon the rate of efficiency or technical progress in the country. We will write a custom essay sample on Solow Growth Model or any similar topic only for you Order Now Solow Model relies on certain assumptions 1. There are constant returns to Scale(CRS) 2. The production function is standard neoclassical production function with diminishing returns to factor 3. The markets are perfectly competitive 4. Households save at a constant savings rate ‘s’ Equilibrium in Solow Model is defined as the steady state level of capital where the economy grows at a constant rate. By assuming that the two factors of production are capital and labour per efficiency unit, it can be shown that savings only affects the level of per capita income. It is only the rate of growth of efficiency which determines the rate of growth of per capita output. For production function: Y= K? L1-? Steady state values are: y†¢=[s/? +? +n]? /1-? k†¢ =[s/? +? +n]1/1-? Objective i) To find how true the result of convergence of Solow model holds for a sample of countries of the world ii) Test Solow model for India for the period 1990-2008 Methodology i) To find how true the result of convergence of Solow model holds for a sample of countries of the world †¢ To prove: Convergence result Solow model predicts that all nations with same parameter of savings rate, population growth rate and depreciation rate will all grow at the same rate in long run. This implies A) The rich countries (defined as those at high level of income) will grow at a lower rate B) The poor countries will grow at a faster rate These conditions mean that the poor countries are able to catch up with the rich countries in the long run. †¢ Test of convergence Regression We test the relation ln(rate of growth of y) = ? + ? ln(initial value of y) Conditions A and B imply that the coefficient ? should be negative Result: For a sample of 23 countries for period 1990-2008 we find: 1) the value of ? = -0. 377451859 ) I t is highly significant as the probability value(pvalue) is close to zero 3) The correlation of ln rate of growth of per capita income over the period with initial income is negative 4) % of data growth of rate of growth is explained by the initial level of income. It makes sense also as rate of growth depends not only on the initial level of income but other factors like education, RD, etc Standard deviation We test how standard deviation of rel ative incomes (relative to US) of the countries changes over time. Convergence implies that income of countries become more and more equal. So we expect standard deviations to decrease over time. Result: Standard deviation falls over time for the sample of countries implying convergence Caveats The results that we get are consistent with the theoretical results. However most of the empirical work that has been done on Solow Model has shown the opposite result i. e. unconditional convergence is not seen to hold. The reason for this could the sampling error. We need to take a larger data set to test it again before accepting. ii) Test Solow model for India for the period 1990-2008 Solow model gives us the steady state value of per capita income as y†¢=[s/? +? +n]? /1-? Taking log on both sides ln y†¢= (? /1-? )ln(s) – (? /1-? )ln(? +? +n) We estimate this equation for India for the period 1990-2008 A priori theory tells us that o The signs of ln s and ln (n+ ? +? ) should be opposite o The sign of ln s should be positive implying a positive impact of savings on level of per capita income o The sign of population growth increase in efficiency and depreciation should be negative as they lead to erosion of capital stock per capita. Result: 1. The signs are as per the expectations. Savings have indeed had a positive impact on the level of per capita income. The coefficient of saving is significant at 5 % level of significance 2. The sign of n +? +? is negative as expected. Though the value of the coefficient is very small. It is hard to believe that 1 % increase in population growth rate or depreciation rate or efficiency decreases per capita level of output by just 0. 3 %. Moreover, this term is not significant. 3. The reason could again be due to the fact that increase in expenditure on education has been taken a proxy for increasing efficiency. Perhaps growth rate of expenditure is not a good proxy and therefore we get such results. Conclusion Thus the two tests that we have taken prove some of the results of the Solow model but not all. Savings do have a positive effect on per capita level of income and convergence seems to exist for the set of countries that we have taken. SOURCE 1. http://data. un. org/ 2. http://databank. worldbank. org/ 3. http://www. oecd. org/ How to cite Solow Growth Model, Papers

King Lears Mistake Essay Example For Students

King Lears Mistake Essay Shakespeares tragedy King Lear is a detailed description of the consequences of one mans decisions. This fictitious man is Lear, King of England, whose decisions greatly alter his life and the lives of those around him. As Lear bears the status of King, he is a man of great power, but blindly he surrenders all of this power to his daughters as a reward for their demonstration of love towards him. This untimely surrender of his throne sets off a chain reaction of events that sends him through a hellish journey. King Lear is a metaphorical description of one mans journey through hell in order to appease his mistake. As the play opens, one can almost immediately see that Lear begins to make mistakes that will eventually result in his downfall. The very first words that he speaks in the play are:Give me the map there. Know that we have dividedIn three our kingdom; and tis our fast intentTo shake all cares and business from our age,Conferring them on younger strengths while weUnburdened crawl toward death.(Act I, Sc i, Ln 37-41)This gives the reader the first indication of Lears intent to relinquish his throne. He is growing old and wants to shake all cares and business from his age. In a since he wants to retire from a job that you cannot retire from. He has no son to hand his throne down to, so he must give it to his daughters. He offers his daughters pieces of his kingdom a form of reward to his test of love. Great rivals in our youngest daughters love,Long in our court have made their amorous sojourn,And here are to be answered. Tell me, my daughters(Since now we will divest us both of rule,Interest of territory, cares of state),Which of you shall we say doth love us most?That we our largest bounty may extendWhere nature doth with merit challenge.(Act I, Sc i, Ln 46-53)This is the first and mos t significant of the many mistakes that he commits in this play. By relinquishing his throne to fuel his ego, he disrupts the great chain of being, which states that the King must not challenge the position that the gods have given him. This undermining the gods authority results in chaos that tears apart Lears world, leaving him, in the end, with nothing. Following this, Lear begins to banish those around him that genuinely care for him; he cannot seem to realize who loves him and wants to help and those who are there to use him. As King he has always been given what he wants and people have always done what he wants. It seems that Lears own family does not have that father-daughter bond that regular families have. He sees everybody around him as loyal servants. When they disagree with him or dont say exactly what he wants; his pride is hurt and he reacts defensively. As we see in the first act, Lear does not listen to Kents plea to see closer to the true faces of his daughters. Ke nt has hurt Lears pride by disobeying his order to stay out of his and Cordelias way when Lear has already warned him, The bow is bent and drawn, make from the shaft. Kent still disobeys Lear and is banished; Lear also proceeds to banish his youngest and previously most loved daughter, Cordelia. This results in Lear surrounding himself with people who only wish to use him, leaving him very vulnerable to attack and betrayal. This is precisely what happens, and it is through this that he discovers his wrongs and amends them. After distributing his throne, Lear becomes abandoned and estranged from his kingdom, which causes him to lose his sanity. While lost in his grief and self-pity the Fool is introduced to guide Lear back to the sane world, help him realize the mistakes that he has made and get him to act to reverse them. Throughout the play the Fool tells the King little riddles and sayings that makes the King realize his mistakes. Lear was once lost behind a hundred Knights, but n ow is exposed to the real world and is like a child. He has been used